The early age of aviation was dotted with firsts. The Wright Brothers first flights in 1903, Charles Lindbergh’s solo crossing of the Atlantic in 1927. But it is perhaps Earhart’s achievements that really define this golden age of aviation.
Amelia Earhart was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic, making her journey in 1928. The feat won her international notoriety, and together with later accomplishments, the United States Distinguished Flying Cross.
When Earhart made her crossing, women had only been able to vote in the US for 8 years. And even then, only women of certain status, race and position. That Earhart was able to achieve what she did at the time is truly remarkable. Her pioneering work for equal rights carried on when she became a faculty member at Purdue University as an advisor to aeronautical engineering and a career counselor to women students. She was also a member of the National Woman’s Party and supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment
These flight goggles are more than just a pair of eye protectors. They are a symbol of what can be achieved against the odds and with incredible bravery. They were worn by Earhart as she took part in the 1929 Women’s National Air Derby, one of the very first air races for women.
In fact, such was her celebrity, they were taken from her plane during a stop at San Bernadino shortly after the race began – presumably by someone looking for a souvenir. They were later recovered, although the lenses were missing.
Today, these goggles, along with a program from the race and a note addressed to Earhart verifying her as the original owner can be seen in the Smithsonian, having been donated in 1957.
Have a look around the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum in Washington DC and see if you can find Earhart’s goggles. You might also be able to find her Lockheed Vega 5B. This was the plane she used both to fly solo non-stop across the Atlantic in 1932 and when she flew non-stop across the US. Both of these were also firsts for woman, highlighting what a truly incredible pioneer and aviator Earhart really was.
If reading about Amelia Earhart has started your engines and pulled your chocks away, you can find out more about her life, achievements and passions here.
Animals have been used in art as metaphors since ancient times. Pre-historic cave paintings often featured animals which were thought to inspire good luck during hunting or for religious purposes. But it was perhaps during the Renaissance period that artists began to use animals to illustrate their own religious and mythological meanings.
The inclusion of animals in paintings was often based on older symbolism, although these earlier meanings were often altered during the Renaissance to represent contemporary attitudes. Let’s take a closer look at some Renaissance masterpieces and see if we can spot the animals before working out what they might be supposed to represent.
Can you spot the goldfinch in Rafael's masterpiece? And what could it mean?
Images of birds often represented sacrifice, resurrection, the soul or death. The goldfinch was regularly used in Renaissance art and also symbolizes redemption and healing. It's all based on the biblical story when a goldfinch plucks a thorn from the crucified head of Christ, and a drop of blood falls on its head, leaving a red patch. Rafael uses this symbolism in his Madonna of the Goldfinch.
What might the serpent represent?
Snakes and other reptiles have often been used as symbols of evil, especially in the Christian iconography of the Renaissance era. In Albrecht Durer’s Fall of Man (also known as Adam and Eve), a snake is seen encouraging them to eat the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge, resulting in their banishment from the Garden of Eden. However, reptiles can also represents rejuvenation because they are able to regrow severed tails and limbs.
What could this small, furry mammal mean?
The ermine has been a symbol of purity and chastity since ancient times, with the belief that this small creature would rather die than soil its white coat. However, in this Da Vinci masterpiece, the ermine may be less to do with chastity, as the subject Cecilia Galleriano already had a son. The ermine may represent her lover, Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan, who had been appointed to the chivalric Order of the Ermine by the King of Naples.
Can you spot the sleeping dog? Do you know why it's there?
Dogs often appear as status symbols in Renaissance paintings - combined with a suggestion of fidelity or loyalty. In Titian’s Venus of Urbino, the dog is meant as a symbol of marital fidelity.
Can you spot the strutting peacock? What could it mean?
The majestic peacock became a symbol of immortality in Christian art. It all stemmed from the belief that its flesh never decayed, which is why it can be found in large numbers of Renaissance nativity scenes. It serves as a reminder of the Resurrection and eternal life. The peacock’s flamboyant tail is also associated with pride and vanity, although this tends to be used with other subject matter.
If you would like to know more about Renaissance art and meanings, you can discover it here.
You've heard of the Ancient Egyptians, but did you know their history stretches all the way back to around 6000 years BCE?
Some surviving architecture can still be seen, including the iconic pyramids and the Great Sphinx, still standing strong and proud today, 4500 years later!
In a collision of ancient and contemporary, you can use Street View to journey back to Ancient Egypt and take a look at five spectacular views of the pyramids of Giza. Scroll on to start your journey...
Also known as known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest pyramid in the Giza complex in Cairo, Egypt.
This structure is the second largest of the pyramids of Giza. It holds the tomb of the Egyptian Pharaoh Khafre.
This pyramid is the third largest out of the three main pyramids in the Giza complex. It is thought to house the tomb of the Pharaoh Menkaure.
Next to the Pyramid of King Menkaure, you can find some smaller pyramids known as the Pyramids of Queens.
Among the pyramids stands the Great Sphinx of Giza. This structure was built in the shape of a mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human.